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• Research Article
• Open Access
• Vaclav Vetvicka

Transfer factors have long been used as natural immune-supporting supplements, traditionally derived from bovine colostrum and chicken egg yolks. However, limitations in sourcing, cost, and sustainability have driven interest in plant-based alternatives. This study investigates upcycled Brassica napus protein isolates as a potential plant-based transfer factor.

• Research Article
• Open Access
• Javaid Ahmad Andrabi

This research investigates the spatial distribution and intensity of multidimensional poverty in India for the year 2021, using secondary data from the NITI Aayog report 2021, which is based on the NFHS-4 dataset. The 2021 Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI), calculated using the Alkire and Foster methodology, includes three dimensions—health, education, and standard of living—comprising twelve indicators.

• Research Article
• Open Access
• Shelly Mieke Pattipeiluhu

Studies of coral reef diseases in Indonesia, particularly in Ambon waters, Maluku, have been rare. The objectives of this study were to identify the types of diseases in this area, the prevalence and abundance of coral diseases at different depths at different sites.

• Review Article
• Open Access
• Asmak afriliana

The purpose of this review paper is to describe research related to improving the aroma and sensory properties of decaffeinated coffee. These studies underscore the intricate interplay between brewing methods, chemical transformations, and sensory outcomes in decaffeinated coffee.

• Research Article
• Open Access
• Raymond Limen Njing

Accurately determining the k0- values of 134Cs, 152S, and 75Se produced by the (n,() reaction is a difficulty for k0 users using k0 standardization procedures. Neutron activation analysis (NAA) is performed to determine elemental concentrations using these values. This study’s goal was to assess the true gap between the k0- values of 134Cs, 152Smand 75Se utilizing K0-user certified reference materials (CRMs). Supplies and Procedures: Utilized were the CRMs SMELS I and III and NIST 1633b Coal fly Ash.These samples were exposed to radiation for seven hours in the inner channel using the Nigerian Research Reactor (NIRR-1) at half-full power (15 kW) and a neutron flux of 5×1011 n/cm2 s.

• Research Article
• Open Access
• Reham Z. Hamza

There is ongoing debate on the possible advantages of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) made by green synthesis. The current study set out to clarify how green tea leaf extract (GTE)/ZnO NPs complexes counter monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced hyperlipidemia. Supplies and Procedures: There were eight distinct groups of male rats used: Group I served as the reference point. Groups IV and V received MSG in two different doses (6.0 and 17.5 mg kgG1), Group VI received ZnO NPs/GTE complex, Group VII and VIII received ZnO NPs/GTE complex with MSG in different doses, while Group II received GTE (1 mg mLG1). Group III received ZnO NPs (10 mg kgG1).

• Research Article
• Open Access
• Mairami Fatima Mukhtar

Fruits are naturally contaminated by a wide variety of microorganisms, including diseases like fungus. This study looked into the many kinds of fungal flora that are connected to fruit rotting at the Utapo market in Abuja, Nigeria. Supplies and Procedures: One hundred fruits, thirty of which were healthy and seventy of which were spoiled, were brought to the lab after being gathered from the market. Using a sterilized blade, thin slices of the decaying fruits were cut and then infected onto PDA media.

• Research Article
• Open Access
• Ali Tavili

One of the most crucial mechanisms for plant adaptation is the alteration of the root system’s architecture in response to environmental stress. In terms of root morphophysiological changes, salinity and drought stress are the two main environmental stresses that plants should be able to withstand. Thus, this study’s objective was an evaluation.of the root morpho-physiological alteration caused by environmental stress in the Iranian medicinal endemic Stachys multicaulis.

• Research Article
• Open Access
• Onyenekenwa Cyprian Eneh

Since 1956, when commercial quantities of mineral oil were discovered in Oloibiri, in what is now the state of Bayelsa, Nigeria, crude oil exploration has been conducted in the petroleum-rich River Niger Delta Region of Nigeria. The region’s ecosystem experiences decreasing ecological integrity due to environmental deterioration caused by petroleum exploration activities and related gas flaring. The evaluation suggests, among other things, explorerresponsibility, cleanup efforts, and the adoption and enforcement of relevant legislation.