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Correspondence to Author: Epnnjim Pathia, Ijsd Nabrs, Ndkd Mnavs, Jdie Djisi. 

Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract:

INeo-Darwinism is the foundation of contemporary evolutionary theory. Mutation, a fundamental element of neoDarwinism, is acknowledged as the primary source of variety in the evolutionary mechanism. Penicillin, for instance, may kill every bacterium in a colony of bacteria except for one that occurs to possess a novel enzyme (penicillinase) that can deactivate the antibiotic due to a mutation. A single bacterium that thrives in spite of penicillin grows into a freshly formed colony of bacteria that are resistant to the antibiotic. Darwin’s theory of “natural selection” is best shown by the extinction of all microorganisms save the lone mutant. One new mutation, one new enzyme, and one new competence, distributed throughout the colony to represent what is referred to as “microevolution,” is neo-Darwinism in action [1].There is no question about the construct’s validity; it is one of the best concepts in biology.
Understanding macro-evolution—the creation of complex characteristics, unique morphologies, and new species through multi-gene modifications—is far more challenging. In this paper, four significant Examples of macro-evolution that are not sufficiently addressed by neo-Darwinism are discussed: (1) The intelligence of humans. Unless the huntergatherer lifestyle of our ancestors more than 10,000 years ago is linked to the ability to solve differential equations, compose music, build computers, or even operate a vehicle, humans today possess more intellectual capacity than can be explained by current evolutionary theory. (2) Domestication of cats. In less than 12,000 years, wildcats were domesticated into housecats, a process that involved numerous genetic and morphological changes.It is challenging to attribute wildcatto-housecat conversion to neo-Darwinism because it occurs over a negligible amount of time in comparison to both mutational and evolutionary timescales.

Citation:

Dr.Epnnjim Pathia, An Alternative Molecular View Of Evolution:how Dna Was Altered Over Geological Time. World Journal of Human Genetics 2025.